The human microbiota is a diverse microbial ecosystem associated with many beneficial
physiological functions as well as numerous disease etiologies. Dominated by bacteria, the …

The growing emergence of antimicrobial resistance represents a global problem that not
only influences healthcare systems but also has grave implications for political and …

The current paradigm of urinary tract infection (UTI) pathogenesis takes into account the
contamination of the periurethral space by specific uropathogens residing in the gut, which …

Background The burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising globally, with
substantial variation in levels and trends of disease in different countries and regions …

Background Previous attempts to characterise the burden of chronic respiratory diseases
have focused only on specific disease conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary …

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the most crucial threats to
public health and modern health care. Previous studies have identified challenges with …

Background Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases (collectively referred to as cirrhosis in
this paper) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, although the burden and …

Background Reducing the burden of death due to infection is an urgent global public health
priority. Previous studies have estimated the number of deaths associated with drug …

Background Human resources for health (HRH) include a range of occupations that aim to
promote or improve human health. The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the …

Background Although the burden of influenza is often discussed in the context of historical
pandemics and the threat of future pandemics, every year a substantial burden of lower …