Impact of a child first aid wall calendar on lay people's skills and knowledge of infant CPR
Introduction
A variety of educational tools have been used in an effort to teach lay people cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. In addition to the traditional instructor led courses, self-instruction material has recently been developed including multimedia, videos and manikins marketed for home use 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. The initial evaluation of some home-instruction programs has been promising [2].
In Norway a 12-month wall calendar which focused on child and infant safety and first aid treatment was recently developed (Laerdal, Stavanger, Norway). The content was approved by the Norwegian Resuscitation Council and was in agreement with the 1996 manual of the Norwegian First Aid Council [7]. Every month the calendar introduced a specific topic such as burns, foreign bodies in the airways, CPR etc (example Fig. 1, translated version).
We were interested in whether mass mailing of the calendar had any effect on the knowledge and skills of lay people in infant CPR and whether practise with a baby manikin at the time of calendar distribution influenced the results.
Section snippets
Materials and methods
The Norwegian Child Safety Calendar was distributed by mail free-of-charge to all members of the Norwegian Air Ambulance (NLA) in the autumn of 1995, without any additional educational measures. NLA is a non-governmental non-profit organization whose membership comprises 400 000 households or about 20% of the Norwegian population. NLA initiated the air ambulance system in Norway, and its main purpose is to improve out-of-hospital emergency care. As a consequence of this NLA also holds first aid
Results
Of the 436 subjects 421 were tested. Fourteen persons did not show up, and one was not tested as she had guessed why she was called and had reread the calendar. The median age (range) for the test persons was 39 (27–72) years old in the insurance company and 55 (18–82) years old in the NLA group, significantly higher than in the insurance company (P<0.001).
The test results for the employees of the insurance company were significantly better 1 week after the introduction of the calendar than
Discussion
The present wall calendar with instructions on how to handle child emergencies is to our knowledge a novel attempt to increase lay people's CPR knowledge and skills. In the present study the distribution of the calendar free-of-charge by mail to members of a voluntary emergency medicine organization had no effect on the competence in handling choking and cardiac arrest in infants. The distribution in an insurance company as part of an internal child safety campaign with a possibility for
Acknowledgements
The study was supported by the Norwegian Air Ambulance and the Laerdal Foundation for acute medicine. Mitch Loeb, statistician at the Institute of Public Health, helped us with the statistics, and the study would have been impossible without the enthusiastic help from Anne Torp and Herbjørg Overen (insurance company), Knut Ulvesøen (NLA) and Harald Eikeland at Laerdal Medical. Jon Thowsen, Anders Knutsen and NLA CPR instructors helped us with the test performance.
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2019, ResuscitationCitation Excerpt :Trained laypersons are more likely than untrained laypersons to initiate bystander resuscitation attempts.6–8 For laypersons to provide effective bystander PBLS and FBAOM, skills need to be learned in hands-on training courses.9,10 Resuscitation skills have shown to decay in as little as three months.9
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2004, ResuscitationThe Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward First Aid and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Among Parents
2018, Journal of Pediatric NursingCitation Excerpt :However, only a few studies have investigated first aid knowledge among the general population (Conrad & Beattie, 1996). ( Eichelberger, Gotschall, Feely, Harstad, & Bowman, 1990)These studies concluded that educational interventions are necessary to improve knowledge of the practice of first aid (Conrad & Beattie, 1996; Eichelberger et al., 1990), (Langley & Silva, 1986; Singer, Gulla, Thode, & Cronin, 2004; Sunde, Wik, Naess, & Steen, 1998; Thein, Lee, & Bun, 2005; Wei et al., 2013), and should be undertaken regularly to ensure that the knowledge and confidence is maintained (Howard & Houghton, 2012). This paper describes the results of a study, the main objective of which was to determine the level of knowledge of first aid (FA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among the parents of children who accessed the Pediatric Emergency Department of a tertiary hospital of the Community of Madrid and to identify what factors influenced this knowledge.