Characteristics of ice cleat distribution programmes for older adults included in the study (n=73)
| Characteristic | Descriptive data | n missing |
| Programme municipalities—n | 73 | |
| Ages eligible for ice cleat distribution—n (%) | 0 | |
| 65+ years | 62 (84.9) | |
| 70+ years | 7 (9.6) | |
| 75+ years | 3 (4.1) | |
| 80+ years | 1 (1.4) | |
| Implementation period—n (%) | 0 | |
| Between 2005 and 2009 | 4 (5.5) | |
| Between 2010 and 2014 | 12 (16.4) | |
| Between 2015 and 2019 | 57 (78.1) | |
| Observation time—mean (min-max) | 0 | |
| Before distribution | 14.5 winters (4–17) | |
| After distribution | 3.5 winters (1–14) | |
| Reach*—mean (min–max) | 0.40 (0.01–1.08) | 7 (9.6%) |
| Purchased ice cleat pairs per eligible citizen—mean (min–max) | 0.48 (0.02–1.34) | 23 (31.5%) |
| Programme cost per eligible citizen, 2018 Euros—mean (min–max) | €3.069 (0.039–15.861) | 11 (15.1%) |
*Reach is defined as the number of distributed ice cleats per eligible citizen. A number below 1 indicates that less than one ice cleat pair was distributed per citizen, and a number above 1 indicates that more than one pair was distributed per eligible citizen.