Table 1

Mean preintervention (1999–2014) characteristics of Wisconsin, its synthetic controls and the donor pool used to construct counterfactual handgun and firearm suicide rates

Variable	Wisconsin	Synthetic WI	Sample mean
Handgun suicide analysis
Population	5 575 741	6 225 240	14 264 826
Population density	102.953	96.617	144.857
Proportion of population MSA	0.716	0.715	0.78
Proportion Black	0.066	0.068	0.078
Proportion white	0.9	0.886	0.851
Unemployment rate	5.624	5.202	5.951
Poverty rate	10.469	9.658	11.191
Mean individual income	36 406.56	38 778.17	38 989.44
Educational attainment	89.088	90.271	87.303
Ethanol consumption	2.375	1.943	1.879
Ratio of FS:S	0.479	0.462	0.444
2014 demeaned HS rate	0.364	0.449	0.226
Firearm suicide analysis
Population	5 575 741	3 610 668	9 216 740
Population density	102.953	284.37	445.722
Proportion of population MSA	0.716	0.735	0.848
Proportion Black	0.066	0.051	0.108
Proportion white	0.9	0.907	0.75
Unemployment rate	5.624	5.254	5.864
Poverty rate	10.469	9.619	10.578
Mean individual income	36 406.56	38 376.52	40 724.31
Educational attainment	89.088	89.264	87.065
Ethanol consumption	2.375	1.966	1.899
Ratio of FS:S	0.479	0.431	0.375
2014 demeaned FS rate	0.136	0.249	0.194

Abbreviations: WI, Wisconsin; MSA, metropolitan statistical area; FS, firearm suicide; S, suicide; HS, handgun suicide.