Rider, crash and injury characteristics for ATV fatalities that occurred on versus off the road, CPSC, 1985–2009, (n=9615 fatalities)
| Roadway (n=5978)* | Off-road (n=3637)* | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (column %) | n (column %) | ||
| Demographics | |||
| Sex | |||
| Male (%) | 4596 (89) | 2649 (88) | 0.35 |
| Female (%) | 574 (11) | 354 (12) | |
| Age | |||
| <16 (%) | 1409 (24) | 1070 (29) | <0.0001 |
| ≥16 (%) | 4568 (76) | 2567 (71) | |
| Seating position | |||
| Operator alone (%) | 3345 (69) | 2109 (75) | <0.0001 |
| Operator w/passenger (%) | 799 (16) | 364 (13) | |
| Passenger (%) | 721 (15) | 336 (12) | |
| Helmet use | |||
| All riders | |||
| Yes (%) | 650 (16) | 559 (24) | <0.0001 |
| No (%) | 3488 (84) | 1736 (76) | |
| <16 years old | |||
| Yes (%) | 249 (25) | 198 (27) | 0.30 |
| No (%) | 754 (75) | 534 (73) | |
| ≥16 years old | |||
| Yes (%) | 401 (13) | 361 (23) | <0.0001 |
| No (%) | 2734 (87) | 1202 (77) | |
| Operator alone | |||
| Yes (%) | 507 (18) | 474 (28) | <0.0001 |
| No (%) | 2328 (82) | 1229 (72) | |
| Operator w/passenger | |||
| Yes (%) | 74 (11) | 37 (12) | 0.5302 |
| No (%) | 629 (89) | 275 (88) | |
| Passenger | |||
| Yes (%) | 55 (11) | 34 (16) | <0.05 |
| No (%) | 453 (89) | 174 (84) | |
| Alcohol and drugs | |||
| Alcohol | |||
| Yes (%) | 1520 (45) | 581 (30) | <0.0001 |
| No (%) | 1850 (55) | 1388 (70) | |
| Drugs | |||
| Yes-medication (%) | 47 (2.1) | 45 (3.1) | 0.087 |
| Yes-illicit (%) | 215 (9.5) | 83 (5.7) | <0.0001 |
| No (%) | 1998 (88.4) | 1335 (91.2) | |
| Crash characteristics | |||
| Mechanism of crash | |||
| ATV-vehicle collision (%) | 1671 (29) | 203 (5.7) | <0.0001 |
| ATV-other collision (%) | 2168 (37) | 779 (22.5) | |
| Non-collision | 1959 (34) | 2482 (71.8) | |
| Injury (%) | |||
| Head | |||
| Yes (%) | 3741 (66) | 1770 (50) | <0.0001 |
| No (%) | 1959 (34) | 1751 (50) | |
| Neck | |||
| Yes (%) | 478 (8.4) | 333 (9.5) | 0.08 |
| No (%) | 5222 (91.6) | 3188 (90.5) | |
| Spine | |||
| Yes (%) | 181 (3.2) | 130 (3.7) | 0.18 |
| No (%) | 5519 (96.8) | 3391 (96.3) | |
| Torso | |||
| Yes (%) | 1610 (28) | 944 (26) | 0.13 |
| No (%) | 4090 (72) | 2577 (73) | |
*Column totals may not equal overall totals due to missing values.
ATV, All-terrain vehicle.