Table 3

Rate ratios showing changes in injury rates associated with change in road environment and area characteristics of LSOAs

Variable‘White’ children‘Asian’ children‘Black’ children
Rate ratio95% CIp ValueRate ratio95% CIp ValueRate ratio95% CIp Value
All times
 Density of A roads1.008(1.005 to 1.010)<0.0011.005(1.001 to 1.010)0.0091.011(1.008 to 1.013)<0.001
 Density of minor roads0.996(0.994 to 0.997)<0.0010.998(0.995 to 1.000)0.0230.996(0.995 to 0.997)<0.001
 Junction density1.086(1.030 to 1.146)0.0021.008(0.919 to 1.105)0.8681.064(1.004 to 1.127)0.035
 Traffic flow (1000 vehicles)0.977(0.968 to 0.987)<0.0010.983(0.971 to 0.995)0.0050.995(0.984 to 1.007)0.434
 Speed (kph)1.019(1.007 to 1.030)0.0011.024(1.004 to 1.045)0.0190.969(0.957 to 0.981)<0.001
 Proportion of business postcodes1.047(1.039 to 1.055)<0.0011.040(1.031 to 1.050)<0.0011.040(1.033 to 1.048)<0.001
 Area (square metres)1.000(0.999 to 1.000)0.2991.000(0.999 to 1.001)0.7781.000(0.999 to 1.001)0.688
Time of the morning commute
 Density of A roads1.010(1.005 to 1.014)<0.0011.001(0.992 to 1.011)0.7471.014(1.010 to 1.017)<0.001
 Density of minor roads0.994(0.991 to 0.997)<0.0010.989(0.983 to 0.996)0.0010.994(0.992 to 0.997)<0.001
 Junction density1.157(1.013 to 1.321)0.0311.226(0.972 to 1.546)0.0851.143(1.016 to 1.287)0.026
 Traffic flow (1000 vehicles)0.976(0.959 to 0.992)0.0040.961(0.933 to 0.989)0.0070.980(0.960 to 1.000)0.051
 Speed (kph)1.023(1.006 to 1.041)0.0071.050(1.019 to 1.081)0.0010.966(0.948 to 0.984)<0.001
 Proportion of business postcodes1.038(1.025 to 1.051)<0.0011.050(1.033 to 1.068)<0.0011.030(1.018 to 1.041)<0.001
 Area (square meters)1.000(0.999 to 1.000)0.4060.993(0.987 to 0.998)0.0110.999(0.997 to 1.001)0.457
  • LSOA, lower super output area.