Factors associated with non-standard helmet use: multivariate analyses
| Odds ratio | 95% CI | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Male | 1.28 | 1.04 to 1.57 | 0.02 |
| Female | – | – | – |
| Education | |||
| No schooling | 1.59 | 1.08 to 2.34 | 0.02 |
| Primary school education only | 1.66 | 1.27 to 2.17 | 0.00 |
| Secondary/high school education only | 1.48 | 1.26 to 1.73 | 0.00 |
| Postschool education | – | – | – |
| Own their motorcycle | |||
| No | 1.49 | 1.13 to 1.97 | 0.005 |
| Yes | – | – | – |
| Purpose of motorcycle trip | |||
| Commercial activity | 1.63 | 1.35 to 1.98 | 0.00 |
| Riding for pleasure | 1.35 | 1.01 to 1.80 | 0.04 |
| Travelling to/from leisure activity | 0.98 | 0.77 to 1.24 | 0.88 |
| Travelling to work/school | – | – | – |
| Number of individuals on motorcycle | |||
| Two + (driver plus passenger/s) | 1.35 | 1.12 to 1.63 | 0.002 |
| One (driver) | – | – | – |
| Cost of helmet | |||
| Less than US$5 | 24.89 | 18.93 to 32.72 | 0.00 |
| US$5—<$10 | 4.61 | 3.73 to 5.70 | 0.00 |
| US$10—<$20 | 1.45 | 1.16 to 1.82 | 0.001 |
| US$20 and more | – | – | – |