Jurisdiction | First author, year | Graduated driver licensing status | Age for learner permit (years, month) | Length of learner period (months) | Practice hours | Night-time driving restrictions | No. of young passengers allowed | Age for intermediate phase (years, month) | Age for full licensure phase (years, month) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
California | Males, 2007 | Absent | 15 | 1 | None* | None* | None* | NA | 16 |
Present | 15 | 6 | 50 | Midnight | 0 | 16 | 17 | ||
Florida | Ulmer, 2000 | Absent | 15 | None* | None* | None* | None* | NA | 16 |
Present | 15 | 6 | None* | 23 : 00 | None* | 16 | 18 | ||
Georgia | Rios, 2006 | Absent | 15 | None* | None* | None* | None* | NA | 16 |
Present | 15 | 12 | None* | 1 : 00 | 3 | 16 | 18 | ||
Maryland | Kirley, 2008 | Absent | 15, 9 month | 0.5 | None* | Midnight | None* | 16 | 17, 9 month |
Present | 15, 9 month | 4 | 40 | Midnight | None* | 16, 1 month | 17, 7 month | ||
Michigan | Shope, 2004 | Absent | 15 | 1 | None* | None* | None* | NA | 16 |
Present | 14, 9 month | 6 | 50 | Midnight | None* | 16 | 17 | ||
New York | Zhu, 2010 | Absent | 16 | None* | None* | 21 : 00 | None* | 16 | 17 |
Present | 16 | Up to 6 | 20 | 21 : 00 | 2 | 16, up to 6 month | 17 | ||
North Carolina | Foss, 2001 | Absent | 15 | None* | None* | None* | None* | NA | 16 |
Present | 15 | 12 | None* | 21 : 00 | None* | 16 | 16, 6 month | ||
Nova Scotia | Mayhew, 2001 | Absent | 16 | 2 | None* | None* | None* | NA | 16, 2 month |
Present | 16 | 6 | None* 0 | Midnight | None* | 16, 6 month | 18, 6 month | ||
Ohio | Ohio DPS, 2001 | Absent | 16 | None* | None* | None* | None* | NA | 16 |
Present | 15, 6 month | 6 | 50 | 1 : 00 | None* | 16 | 17 | ||
Pennsylvania | Coben, 2003 | Absent | 16 | None* | None* | 23 : 00 | None* | 16 | 17 |
Present | 16 | 6 | 50 | 23 : 00 | None* | 16, 6 month | 17 | ||
Texas | Willis, 2006 | Absent | 15 | None* | None* | None* | None* | NA | 16 |
Present | 15 | 6 | None* | Midnight | 1 | 16 | 16, 6 month | ||
Wisconsin | Fohr, 2005 | Absent | 15, 6 month | None* | None* | None* | None* | NA | 16 |
Present | 15, 6 month | 6 | 30 | Midnight | 1 | 16 | 16, 9 month |
*No restrictions.
GDL, Graduated Driver Licensing; NA: not applicable.