Multivariate logistic regression models, for the risk of neck injury (AIS1+), adjusted ORs, Rhône road trauma registry, 1998–2008, 529 cases and 5153 controls
| M1=‘Cochrane-like’ | M2=‘with more adjustment’ | |
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Helmet | ||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.15 (0.92 to 1.43) | 1.18 (0.94 to 1.47) |
| Gender | ||
| Female | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Male | 0.65 (0.53 to 0.81) | 0.68 (0.55 to 0.84) |
| Age, y | ||
| 0–9 | 0.28 (0.16 to 0.46) | 0.27 (0.15 to 0.44) |
| 10–14 | 0.47 (0.32 to 0.68) | 0.48 (0.33 to 0.70) |
| 15–24 | 0.92 (0.68 to 1.25) | 0.84 (0.62 to 1.14) |
| 25–34 | 1.07 (0.78 to 1.47) | 0.97 (0.70 to 1.33) |
| 35–44 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 45–54 | 1.30 (0.93 to 1.84) | 1.44 (1.01 to 2.04) |
| 55–64 | 0.86 (0.55 to 1.33) | 0.97 (0.62 to 1.51) |
| 65+ | 1.01 (0.61 to 1.64) | 1.15 (0.68 to 1.89) |
| Crash opponent | ||
| None | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Human, animal | 1.84 (1.20 to 2.74) | 1.72 (1.12 to 2.58) |
| Stationary obstacle | 1.87 (1.34 to 2.57) | 1.81 (1.29 to 2.49) |
| Motor vehicle | 2.99 (2.44 to 3.67) | 2.71 (2.20 to 3.33) |
| ISS without head, face, or neck | ||
| 0–3 | 1.00 | |
| 4–8 | 0.20 (0.14 to 0.27) | |
| 9–15 | 0.23 (0.11 to 0.40) | |
| 16–75 | 0.53 (0.12 to 1.57) | |
‘Cochrane-like’= adjusted on age, gender, and crash opponent; ‘With more adjustment’=adjusted on age, gender, crash opponent, and ISS without head, face or neck.
AIS, Abbreviated Injury Scale; ISS, Injury Severity Score.