Table 1
Studies meeting the inclusion criteria
| Author (Year of publication), Country (High, Middle or Low income) | Quality rating* | Range of years (total number) [number of time periods reported] | Age range (years) | Injury trends reported | ||||
| By injury type | By age (years) | By gender | By ethnicity | By socio-economic group | ||||
| Birken11 (2006) Canada (H) | B | 1971–1998 (27 y) [6] | 0–14 | All cause, RTI, fire, falls, drowning, suffocation |
|
|
|
|
| Bjornstig12 (2006) Northern Sweden (H) | C | 1977–2004 (28 y) [2] | 0–4 | All cause, RTI, drowning, asphyxiation |
|
|
|
|
| Chien13 (2010) Taiwan (M) | A | 1986–2006 (20 y) [20] | 0–19 | All cause, RTI, fire, falls, drowning, poisoning, suffocation, suicide, homicide | <1, 1–4, 5–9, 10–14, 15–19, 0–19 |
|
|
|
| Danilla14 (2004) Chile (M) | B | 1954–1999 (46 y) [46] | 0–19 | Burns | 0–4, 5–19 |
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|
| Edwards15 (2006) England & Wales (H) | A | 1979–2003 (24 y) [3] | 0–15 | All cause |
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|
|
| Flanagan16 (2005), England & Wales (H) | B | 1968–2000 (32 y) [32] | 0–10 | Poisoning (including by gases from fires) | <1, 1–4, 5–9 |
|
|
|
| Guyer17 (2000) USA (H) | B | 1900–1998 (98 y) [98] | 1–19 | All cause |
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|
|
| Jansson18 (2006) Sweden (H) | B | 1966–2001 (35 y) [2] | 0–14 | All cause, transport, fires, drowning, falls, poisoning, suicide, homicide | 0–4, 5–9, 10–14 |
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|
| Johansson19 (2005) Sweden (H) | B | 1981–2000 (20 y) [20] | 13–19 | RTI, suicide, unintentional | 13–15, 16–19 |
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| Kivisto20 (2009) Finland (H) | A | 1969–2003 (35 y) [7] | 0–15 | Poisoning (intentional and unintentional) | 0–4, 5–12, 13–15, 5–15 |
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| Lantto21 (2008) Finland (H) | B | 1969–2004 (36 y) [36] | 1 month–15 years | All cause |
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| Li22 (2001), USA (H) | B | 1910–1994 (84 y) [17] | 0–19 | All cause | 5–9, 15–19 |
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| Lie23 (1990) Norway (H) | B | 1958–1988 (30 y) [7] | 0–19 | All cause, RTI | 0–4, 5–9, 10–14, 15–19 |
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|
| Lu24 (1998) Taiwan (M) | A | 1965–1994 (30 y) [6] | 10–19 | All cause, RTI, falls, fires, poisoning, drowning, suicide, homicide | 10–14, 15–19 |
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| Lunetta25 (1998) Finland (H) | A | 1969–1995 (26 y) [26] | 0–14 | Drowning | <1, 1–4, 5–14 |
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| Lunetta26 (2004) Finland (H) | B | 1970–2000 (30) [2] | 0–14 | Drowning | 0–4, 5–14 |
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| Mattila27 (2005) Finland (H) | A | 1971–2002 (32 y) [32] | 10–19 | All cause, RTI, drowning, suicide, homicide | 10–14, 15–19 |
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| Mujkic28 (2008) Croatia (M) | B | 1986–2005 (20 y) [4] | 0–19 | All cause, unintentional, suicide & homicide (weapon related and not related) | 0–14, 15–19 |
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| Nakahara29 (2002) Japan (H) | B | 1968–1998 (30 y) [30] | 0–12 | Pedestrian | 0–6, 7–12 |
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| Olson30 (1990) New Mexico, USA (H) | A | 1958–1982 (25 y) [5] | 0–14 | All cause, RTI, fires, falls, drowning, poisoning | 0–4, 5–9, 10–14 |
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| Pan31 (2006) Canada (H) | B | 1979–2002 (23 y) [23] | 0–14 | All cause, RTI, fires, falls, drowning, poisoning, suicide | 0–4, 5–9, 10–14 |
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| Pan32 (2007) Canada (H) | B | 1979–2003 (24 y) [24] | 15–19 | All cause, RTI, fires, falls, drowning, cut, poisoning, suffocation, unintentional, suicide, assault | 15–19 |
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| Pakkari33 (2000) Finland (H) | A | 1971–1995 (25 y) [25] | 0–14 | RTI | <1, 1–4, 5–9, 10–14 |
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| Pearson34 (2009) Scotland (H) | A | 1982–2006 (25 y) [5] | 0–14 | All cause, RTI, fires, falls, drowning, poisoning | <1, 1–4, 5–9, 10–14 |
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| Peck35 (2007) 20 countries: Ex-USSR, Italy, UK, France, Finland, Austria (H/M) | B | 1980–2003 (23 y) [23] | 0–14 | RTI, fires, falls, drowning, poisoning, homicides, suicides | 0–4, 5–14 |
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| Pressley36 (2007) USA (50 states) (H) | B | 1981–2003 (22 y) [22] | 0–4 | All cause, RTIs, fires, drowning, poisoning, firearm injury, intentional injury |
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| Schlueter37 (2004) Switzerland (H) | B | 1969–1997 (28 y) [4] | 10–19 | All cause, RTI, suicide, overdose (of undetermined intent) | 10–14, 15–19 |
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| Singh38 (1996) USA (H) | A | 1968–1992 (24 y) [24] | 1–14 | All cause, RTI, Homicide, Suicide | 1–4, 5–14 |
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| Singh39 (2007) USA (H) | A | 1969–2000 (21y) [7] | 1–14 | All cause, unintentional injury, homicide, suicide |
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| Strukcinskeine40 41 (2008a,b) Lithuania (M) | B | 1971–2005 (35 y) [35] | 0–19 | All cause, RTI, burns/fires, drowning | 0–14, 15–19 |
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All studies used routine data sources (eg, death registration) except; Bjornstig (Forensic medicine dataset and police records), Kivisto (routine & poison information centre statistics), Nakahara (traffic accident statistics) and Peck (WHO statistics).
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↵* Quality rating: [A] Sound methodology and clear reporting [B] Minor concerns regarding methodology or reporting but not to the extent that the validity of the results is doubted [C] Serious concerns regarding the methodology or reporting leading to doubt of the validity of results reported (studies with a C quality rating have not been included in the synthesis of findings (table 2 and table 3)).
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, Reported in this study;
, Not reported in this study.
