Results of sensitivity analysis: costs, benefits, and benefit:cost ratios (BCR)
Age 5–12 | Age 13–18 | Adults | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Costs of law ($) | Value of benefits ($) | BCR | Costs of law ($) | Value of benefits ($) | BCR | Costs of law ($) | Value of benefits ($) | BCR | |
*Base case: cost of helmet = $19.95; life of helmet = 5 years; discount rate = 5%; no quitters; head injuries averted per year: 4.0 5–12 years, 10.3 13–18 years, 28.8 adults; treatment costs: $1569 5–12 years, $1607 13–18 years, $1351 adults; societal cost of serious head injury = $196360; societal cost of minor head injury = $13309. | |||||||||
Base case* | 180792 | 471920 | 2.61 | 1507312 | 1279050 | 0.85 | 5819397 | 4289602 | 0.74 |
Cost of helmet: $50.00 | 453769 | 471920 | 1.04 | 3761912 | 1279050 | 0.34 | 14791731 | 4289602 | 0.29 |
Cost of helmet: $10.00 | 90580 | 471920 | 5.21 | 756834 | 1279050 | 1.69 | 2918097 | 4289602 | 1.47 |
Life of helmet: 7 years | 180792 | 629156 | 3.48 | 1507312 | 1703263 | 1.13 | 5819397 | 5703009 | 0.98 |
Life of helmet: 3 years | 180792 | 298307 | 1.65 | 1507312 | 813948 | 0.54 | 5819397 | 2735117 | 0.47 |
Law enforcement costs | 287727 | 471920 | 1.64 | 1760586 | 1279050 | 0.73 | 6564065 | 4289602 | 0.65 |
Discount rate: 10% | 180792 | 426669 | 2.36 | 1507312 | 1160630 | 0.77 | 5819397 | 3898996 | 0.67 |
Discount rate: 0% | 180792 | 522489 | 2.89 | 1507312 | 1416873 | 0.94 | 5819397 | 4771906 | 0.82 |
Head injuries averted: upper CI | 180792 | 1180572 | 6.53 | 1507312 | 1733409 | 1.15 | 5819397 | 5295651 | 0.91 |
Head injuries averted: lower CI | 180792 | 0 | 0 | 1507312 | 829022 | 0.55 | 5819397 | 3317056 | 0.57 |
Costs of head injury increase 20% | 180792 | 565879 | 3.13 | 1507312 | 1537458 | 1.02 | 5819397 | 5179263 | 0.89 |
Costs of head injury decrease 20% | 180792 | 377855 | 2.09 | 1507312 | 1024972 | 0.68 | 5819397 | 3433444 | 0.59 |
Numbers of quitters | 76697 | 2445747 | 31.89 | 670778 | 8887908 | 13.25 | 4349481 | 15258505 | 3.51 |
Cost of quitting: $19.95 | 193803 | 2445747 | 12.62 | 1611879 | 8887908 | 5.51 | 6003137 | 15258505 | 2.54 |
Cost of quitting: $49.95 | 369903 | 2445747 | 6.61 | 3027069 | 8887908 | 2.94 | 8489837 | 15258505 | 1.80 |