Table 1 Participant characteristics, by gender

Characteristic	Male	Female	Missing	Total	%
Participant characteristics
Age group
16–34	292	180	0	472	19.1
35–49	901	367	2	1270	51.4
50–64	570	109	4	683	27.7
65+	43	1	0	44	1.8
Missing	0	0	0	0	0.0
Ethnicity
Maori	70	33	1	104	4.2
Non-Maori	1736	624	5	2365	95.8
Missing	0	0	0	0	0.0
Highest education level achieved
Primary	2	2	0	4	0.2
Secondary	387	131	1	519	21.0
Polytech	450	173	1	624	25.3
University	961	349	3	1313	53.2
Other	3	0	0	3	0.1
Missing	3	2	1	6	0.2
Body mass index (kg/m2)
<25 (normal)	816	452	2	1270	51.4
25–30 (overweight)	754	144	2	900	36.5
>30 (obese)	139	39	0	178	7.2
Missing	97	22	2	121	4.9
Bicycling characteristics
Kilometers cycled per week
0–49	299	186	0	485	19.6
50–99	536	221	1	758	30.7
100–199	667	196	3	866	35.1
⩾200	293	49	1	343	13.9
Missing	11	5	1	17	0.7
Hours cycled per week
0–2.4	270	137	0	407	16.5
2.5–4.9	673	240	1	914	37.0
5–9.9	715	239	4	958	38.8
⩾10	139	38	0	177	7.2
Missing	9	3	1	13	0.5
Proportion of time spent riding off road (%)	8.2	8.2	N/A	8.2	N/A
Proportion of time spent riding in dark (%)	9.9	6.6	N/A	9.0	N/A
Proportion of time spend riding in bunch (%)	21.3	16.4	N/A	20.0	N/A
Experience (years)	7.8	4.4	N/A	6.9	N/A
Kind of bike most commonly used
Road	1588	553	5	2146	86.9
Mountain	132	54	0	186	7.5
Hybrid	53	39	0	92	3.7
Tandem	3	4	0	7	0.3
Other	21	3	0	24	1.0
Missing	9	4	1	14	0.6
Always wear helmet?
Yes	1778	652	5	2435	98.6
No	20	4	0	24	1.0
Missing	8	1	1	10	0.4
Always use back light cycling in dark?*
Yes	1016	252	10	1272	91.8
No	75	28	0	103	7.4
Missing	10	0	1	11	0.8
Always use front light cycling in dark?*
Yes	956	241	3	1200	86.6
No	139	39	1	179	12.9
Missing	6	0	1	7	0.5
Always wear fluorescent colors?
Yes	519	212	4	735	29.8
No	1271	441	1	1713	69.4
Missing	16	4	1	21	0.9