Demographic characteristics of mother–child participants (n = 163)
| Characteristic | Value |
| Maternal age (years) | 30.0 (5.6) |
| Child age (months) | 5.4 (2.5) |
| Child gender | |
| M | 68 (41.7%) |
| F | 95 (58.3%) |
| Child race | |
| White, non-Hispanic | 115 (70.6%) |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 38 (23.3%) |
| Other | 10 (6.1%) |
| Number of siblings | |
| 0 | 82 (50.3%) |
| 1 | 57 (35.0%) |
| ⩾2 | 12 (7.4%) |
| Unknown | 12 (7.4%) |
| Total household income | |
| <US$30 000 | 40 (23.5%) |
| $30 000–49 999 | 27 (16.6%) |
| $50 000–69 999 | 25 (15.3%) |
| $70 000–89 999 | 37 (22.7%) |
| $90 000–119 999 | 13 (8.0%) |
| ⩾$120 000 | 17 (10.4%) |
| Unknown | 4 (2.4%) |
| Insurance status | |
| Private | 122 (74.8%) |
| Medicaid | 31 (19.4%) |
| Unknown | 10 (6.1%) |
| Maternal education | |
| ⩽High school | 20 (12.3%) |
| <College | 49 (30.0%) |
| College graduate/postgraduate | 94 (57.7%) |
Unless otherwise indicated, the value is mean (SD).