| Age (years) | | | | |
| 0–17 | Referent (RR = 1) | | Referent (RR = 1) | |
| 18–44 | 2.63 (1.75 to 3.97) | <0.001 | 2.15 (1.36 to 3.39) | 0.001 |
| 45 and older | 2.51 (1.49 to 4.23) | 0.001 | 2.46 (1.44 to 4.18) | 0.001 |
| Gender | | | | |
| Female | Referent (RR = 1) | | Referent (RR = 1) | |
| Male | 2.26 (1.54 to 3.30) | <0.001 | 2.04 (1.46 to 2.85) | <0.001 |
| Urban/rural status | | | | |
| Rural | Referent (RR = 1) | | Referent (RR = 1) | |
| Urban | 1.19 (0.83 to 1.71) | 0.351 | 1.12 (0.78 to 1.61) | 0.553 |
| Education | | | | |
| No formal education | Referent (RR = 1) | | Referent (RR = 1) | |
| Pre-primary | 1.07 (0.36 to 3.20) | 0.902 | 1.53 (0.52 to 4.56) | 0.441 |
| Some primary | 1.46 (0.72 to 2.96) | 0.29 | 2.04 (0.93 to 4.49) | 0.076 |
| Completed primary | 4.19 (2.20 to 7.98) | <0.001 | 3.3 (1.79 to 6.08) | <0.001 |
| Some secondary | 3.97 (2.15 to 7.34) | <0.001 | 4.09 (2.24 to 7.45) | <0.001 |
| Completed secondary | 3.7 (2.00 to 6.84) | <0.001 | 2.62 (1.33 to 5.15) | 0.005 |
| Post-secondary | 4.42 (2.16 to 9.06) | <0.001 | 2.8 (1.22 to 6.44) | 0.015 |
| Age analysis with interaction term | | | | |
| Females 0–17 | – | – | Referent (RR = 1) | |
| Males 0–17 | – | – | 1.52 (0.74 to 3.12) | 0.255 |
| Females 18–44 | – | – | Referent (RR = 1) | |
| Males 18–44 | – | – | 2.96 (1.72 to 5.09) | <0.001 |
| Females ⩾45 | – | – | Referent (RR = 1) | |
| Males ⩾45 | – | – | 1.11 (0.48 to 2.58) | 0.811 |