Reference | Year published | Determinant/measurements | N (correct) | N (total wearing helmet) | % correct (95% CI) | 1991 | 1992 |
Finch et al14 | 1993 | Age, sex | Not available* | Not available* | 5–11 years Male Female12–17 years Male Female18+ years Male Female | 99100941009999 | 9998971009999 |
Age, road class | Not available* | Not available* | 5–11 years A NA12–17 years A NA18+ years A NA | 1009997929997 | 1009897989998 | ||
Age, location | Not available* | Not available* | 5–11 years Footpath Road12–17 years Footpath Road18+ years Footpath Road | 999894969699 | 999797989799 | ||
Rowe et al3 | 1995 | N/A | 48 | 98 | 49.0 (39.3 to 58.8) | ||
Harlos et al11 | 1999 | Age | 507 | 559 | 90.7 (88.0 to 92.8) | ||
Twomey et al8 | 2001 | Adult vs children | 92 | 200 | 46 (39.2 to 52.9) | ||
Forjuoh et al9 | 2002 | N/A | 64† | 85† | 75.3 (65.1 to 83.3) | ||
Nykolyshyn et al1 | 2003 | N/A | 1568 | 2090 | 75.0 (73.1 to 76.8) | ||
Parkinson et al10 | 2003 | Questionnaire and helmet fit assessment | 20 | 478 | 4.2 (2.7 to 6.4) Self-report of helmet use as “almost/always”: 73% | ||
Hall et al13 | 2004 | Intervention: peer-led classroom curriculum | 331 | 1016 | Pre-intervention: 32.6 (29.8 to 35.5) | ||
Van Houten et al16 | 2007 | Intervention: helmet-use educational programme | Not available* | Not available* | Pre-intervention‡ Bonita Springs: 9% Riviera: 64% Meadowlark: 30%Post-intervention‡ Bonita Springs: 40% Riviera: 80% Meadowlark: 78% |
*Absolute numbers for proportions not available from report precluding confidence interval calculations.
†Estimated based on % correct and total number from authors’ data.
‡Correct helmet percentages calculated by “dividing the number of children wearing a helmet correctly by the total number of children bicycling”.16 Absolute numbers not provided in article precluding confidence interval calculations.
A, arterial zones; NA, non-arterial zones; N/A, not applicable.