Table 3

Risk factors for arm fracture in falls from playground equipment

Variable	Categories	Crude OR			Adjusted OR^*
Variable	Categories	OR	95% CI	p Value	OR	95% CI	p Value
*Adjusted for child height.
†p<0.05.
Equipment height (narrow)	⩽1500 mm	–			–
Equipment height (narrow)	1501–2000 mm	2.52	1.51–4.21	0.00†	2.53	1.51–4.24	0.00†
	2001–2500 mm	2.33	1.41–3.83	0.00†	2.47	1.49–4.10	0.00†
	>2500 mm	1.55	0.80–3.00	0.20	1.66	0.85–3.25	0.14
Equipment height (broad)	1.5 m and below	–			–
Equipment height (broad)	>1.5 m	2.29	1.43–3.66	0.00†	2.39	1.49–3.84	0.00†
	1.6 m and below	–			–
	>1.6 m	2.03	1.33–3.09	0.00†	2.06	1.35–3.15	0.00†
	1.7 m and below	–			–
	>1.7 m	1.70	1.16–2.50	0.01†	1.74	1.18–2.56	0.01†
	1.8 m and below	–			–
	>1.8 m	1.79	1.27–2.54	0.00†	1.87	1.32–2.66	0.00†
	1.9 m and below	–			–
	>1.9 m	1.34	0.97–1.85	0.08	1.41	1.01–1.96	0.04†
	2.0 m and below	–			–
	>2.0 m	1.10	0.81–1.51	0.53	1.17	0.85–1.61	0.33
Fall height (narrow)	⩽1000 mm	–			–
	100–1500 mm	2.60	1.48–4.55	0.00†	2.73	1.55–4.82	0.00†
	1501–2000 mm	3.13	1.72–5.70	0.00†	3.53	1.92–6.50	0.00†
	greater than 2000 mm	2.44	1.20–4.96	0.01†	2.94	1.42–6.09	0.00†
Fall height (broad)	⩽1000 mm	–			–
	>1000 mm	2.73	1.59–4.71	0.00†	2.96	1.71–5.15	0.00†
Surface type	Tanbark, rubber, sand	–			–
	Non-compliant material	1.42	0.42–4.75	0.57	1.37	0.41–4.61	0.62
Surface depth	⩾20 cm	–			–
	15–19.9 cm	1.48	0.66–3.32	0.34	1.52	0.68–3.44	0.31
	10–14.9 cm	1.13	0.53–2.42	0.75	1.12	0.52–2.42	0.77
	5–9.9 cm	1.11	0.52–2.36	0.79	1.10	0.52–2.36	0.80
	<5 cm	0.66	0.28–1.53	0.33	0.62	0.26–1.46	0.28
Substrate material	Soil	–			–
	Sand	0.29	0.16–0.53	0.00†	0.29	0.16–0.53	0.00†
	Other	1.27	0.43–3.77	0.66	1.26	0.43–3.76	0.67
Arm load (kN)		1.02	0.94–1.11	0.64	1.03	0.95–1.13	0.47
G_equipment	⩾200G	–			–
	<200G	0.52	0.21–1.27	0.15	0.53	0.22–1.32	0.17
G_equipment	⩾100G	–			–
	<100G	0.65	0.44–0.96	0.03†	0.67	0.45–0.99	0.04†
G_CoG	⩾100G	–			–
	<100G	0.65	0.46–0.93	0.02†	0.65	0.46–0.92	0.02†
HIC_equipment	⩾1000	–			–
	<1000	0.78	0.43–1.39	0.39	0.78	0.44–1.40	0.41