Risks associated with fatigue, falling asleep at the wheel, and casualty related crashes: Israeli marine port drivers, 1997 (n = 160)
| Determinants and conditions | Outcomes | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intermediate | Final | |||||||||||
| Experienced fatigue while driving | Fell asleep while driving (during entire career)§ | Crash with deaths/injuries¶ | ||||||||||
| + | − | OR | OR adjusted | + | − | OR | OR adjusted | + | − | OR | OR adjusted | |
| *All variables are categorical variables except for years of experience and body mass index. | ||||||||||||
| †Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the outcome variable for each predictor variable, adjusted for all other variables including body mass index, reported high blood pressure and years of driving experience. ORs and CIs were obtained by using multiple logistic regression. p Value for adjusted model. | ||||||||||||
| ‡Full model for Y(fatigue): likelihood ratio χ2 is 41.455 (df = 8), p<0.0001, reject the null hypothesis that all ORs are equal to 1.0. | ||||||||||||
| §Full model for Y(asleep): Likelihood ratio χ2 is 31.586 (df = 8), p<0.0001, reject the null hypothesis that all ORs are equal to 1.0. | ||||||||||||
| ¶Full model for Y(crashes): likelihood ratio χ2 is 20.32 (df = 9), p = 0.016, reject the null hypothesis that all ORs are equal to 1.0. | ||||||||||||
| Moderate to severe sleep quality | 20 | 14 | 2.8 (1.3–6.0) | 1.8 (0.7–4.8) | 15 | 19 | 2.1 (0.9–4.5) | 1.3 (0.5–3.3) | 12 | 22 | 2.7 (1.8–6.4) | 2.9 (1.0–8.2) |
| Experienced fatigue while driving | 15 | 48 | 1.4 (0.6–3.0) | 0.6 (0.2–1.5) | ||||||||
| Frequent difficulty finding parking when tired | 58 | 58 | 7.8 (2.9–21.2) | 6.9 (2.2–21.2) | 48 | 68 | 14.8 (3.4–64.2) | 12.7 (2.8–59.2 | 29 | 87 | 3.3 (1.1–10.1) | 3.7 (1.0–13.9) |
| Employer demand: driver work beyond legal hour limit | 37 | 30 | 3.2 (1.6–6.2) | 2.8 (1.3–6.4) | 27 | 40 | 2.1 (1.0–4.0) | 1.7 (0.9–4.0) | 15 | 52 | 1.2 (0.6–2.6) | 1.2 (0.5–3.1) |
| Workday >12 hours several times a week to daily | 52 | 47 | 4.4 (1.8–11.1) | 2.0 (0.6–6.0) | 41 | 58 | 2.8 (1.1–7.1) | 1.2 (0.4–3.5) | 24 | 75 | 1.9 (0.7–5.5) | 1.3 (0.4–4.7) |
| Workday >12 hours/several times a month | 4 | 22 | 0.73 (0.2–2.8) | 0.291 (0.1–1.5) | 2 | 24 | 0.3 (0.1–1.8) | 0.2 (0.0–1.1) | 4 | 33 | 1.1 (0.3–4.5) | 0.7 (0.1–3.1) |
| Total | 63 | 97 | 50 | 110 | 33 | 127 | ||||||