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State of the art review
State-of-the-art review: preventing child and youth pedestrian motor vehicle collisions: critical issues and future directions
  1. Marie-Soleil Cloutier1,
  2. Emilie Beaulieu2,
  3. Liraz Fridman3,
  4. Alison K Macpherson4,
  5. Brent E Hagel5,6,7,
  6. Andrew William Howard3,8,
  7. Tony Churchill9,
  8. Pamela Fuselli10,
  9. Colin Macarthur3,
  10. Linda Rothman11
  1. 1 Centre Urbanisation Culture Société, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
  2. 2 Département de pédiatrie, Faculté de médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
  3. 3 Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  4. 4 Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  5. 5 Department of Paediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
  6. 6 Alberta Children' Hospital Research Institute and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
  7. 7 Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
  8. 8 Orthopaedic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  9. 9 City of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
  10. 10 Parachute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  11. 11 School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  1. Correspondence to Professor Marie-Soleil Cloutier, Centre Urbanisation Culture Société, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Montreal, Quebec H2X 1E3, Canada; Marie-Soleil.Cloutier{at}UCS.INRS.Ca

Abstract

Aim To undertake a comprehensive review of the best available evidence related to risk factors for child pedestrian motor vehicle collision (PMVC), as well as identification of established and emerging prevention strategies.

Methods Articles on risk factors were identified through a search of English language publications listed in Medline, Embase, Transport, SafetyLit, Web of Science, CINHAL, Scopus and PsycINFO within the last 30 years (~1989 onwards).

Results This state-of-the-art review uses the road safety Safe System approach as a new lens to examine three risk factor domains affecting child pedestrian safety (built environment, drivers and vehicles) and four cross-cutting critical issues (reliable collision and exposure data, evaluation of interventions, evidence-based policy and intersectoral collaboration).

Conclusions Research conducted over the past 30 years has reported extensively on child PMVC risk factors. The challenge facing us now is how to move these findings into action and intervene to reduce the child PMVC injury and fatality rates worldwide.

  • child
  • pedestrian
  • motor vehicle - non traffic
  • environmental modification
  • speed
  • driver
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043829

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    • Twitter @MarieSoleil_C

    • Contributors All authors contributed to study conception and design; M-SC, EB, LF and LR contributed to data collection; M-SC, EB and LR contributed to analysis and interpretation of results; M-SC, EB, AKM and LR contributed to draft manuscript preparation. All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript.

    • Funding This work was in part supported by the Canadian Institute for Health Research Team Grant: Environments and Health: Intersectoral Prevention Research, The Built Environment and Active Transportation Safety in Children and Youth #IP2-150706.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient and public involvement Patients and/or the public were not involved in the design, or conduct, or reporting, or dissemination plans of this research.

    • Patient consent for publication Not required.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.