Annualised drowning death rate by type of water body and activity prior to drowning for children aged 1–14 years based on verbal autopsy interviews in the Indian state of Bihar
| Variable | Category | Adjusted annualised drowning death rate per 100 000 children (95% CI)* | |||||
| Type of water body† | Type of activity | ||||||
| River | Water pit | Pond | Playing | Bathing | Other** | ||
| Age group (years)‡§ | 1–4 | 7.5 (6.9 to 8.0) | 5.2 (4.8 to 5.7) | 2.0 (1.7 to 2.2) | 14.0 (13.3 to 14.7) | 1.6 (1.4 to 1.9) | 2.9 (2.5 to 3.2) |
| 5–9 | 8.5 (8.0 to 8.9) | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.9) | 3.9 (3.6 to 4.3) | 3.5 (3.2 to 3.8) | 6.7 (6.3 to 7.2) | 4.0 (3.7 to 4.3) | |
| 10–14 | 1.8 (1.6 to 2.0) | 0.6 (0.4 to 0.7) | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.8) | 0 | 3.0 (2.7 to 3.3) | 0 | |
| Sexঠ| Boy | 6.5 (6.2 to 6.8) | 1.0 (0.9 to 1.1) | 2.9 (2.7 to 3.2) | 3.6 (3.4 to 3.9) | 4.9 (4.6 to 5.2) | 3.2 (3.5 to 4.0) |
| Girl | 5.2 (4.8 to 5.5) | 2.9 (2.6 to 3.1) | 1.5 (1.4 to 1.7) | 6.8 (6.4 to 7.1) | 3.1 (2.9 to 3.4) | 1.3 (1.1 to 1.4) | |
| Place of residence§¶ | Urban | 9.9 (8.9 to 10.9) | 2.0 (1.6 to 2.5) | 2.0 (1.6 to 2.5) | 5.1 (4.4 to 5.8) | 8.7 (7.8 to 9.6) | 2.2 (1.7 to 2.6) |
| Rural | 5.4 (5.2 to 5.7) | 2.3 (2.1 to 2.5) | 2.8 (2.7 to 3.0) | 5.1 (4.8 to 5.4) | 3.5 (3.3 to 3.7) | 2.3 (2.1 to 2.4) | |
| Overallद | 5.9 (5.6 to 6.1) | 2.3 (2.1 to 2.4) | 2.8 (2.6 to 2.9) | 5.1 (4.9 to 5.4) | 4.0 (3.8 to 4.2) | 2.3 (2.1 to 2.4) | |
*Estimates calculated using sample population and drowning cases for 2012–2013.
†Estimates not shown for ‘other water body’ because of small number of cases (7).
‡Urban–rural adjusted.
§Sex-adjusted.
¶Age-adjusted for Bihar’s population aged 1–14 years.
**Includes open defecation, bathing a cow, fishing, rowing a boat, collecting wood and activity not known.