Logistic regression analysis of predictors of long-term opioid use in the USA (N=36 824)
| Variables | Unadjusted model OR (95% CI) | Full model OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Age categorised (years) | ||
| 18–24 | – | Reference |
| 25–44 | 2.9 (1.3 to 6.4) | |
| 45–64 | 5.3 (2.5 to 11.7) | |
| 65≥ | 5.1 (2.4 to 11.8) | |
| Female | – | 1.5 (1.2 to 1.9) |
| Race | ||
| White | – | Reference |
| Black | 72 (0.57 to 0.91) | |
| Other | 74 (0.48 to 1.1) | |
| Insurance status | ||
| Private | – | Reference |
| Public | 1.0 (0.85 to 1.4) | |
| Uninsured | 56 (0.42 to 0.74) | |
| Region | ||
| Northeast | – | Reference |
| Midwest | 1.3 (0.95 to 1.9) | |
| South | 1.5 (1.1 to 2.1) | |
| West | 1.2 (0.90 to 1.7) | |
| Baseline health | ||
| Excellent | – | Reference |
| Very good | 1.8 (1.3 to 2.6) | |
| Good | 3.2 (2.2 to 4.7) | |
| Fair | 7.1 (4.8 to 10.6) | |
| Poor | 11.8 (7.2 to 0.18.4) | |
| Depression screener positive | ||
| Neither years | Reference | |
| One year | 2.5 (1.9 to 3.3) | |
| Both years | 3.0 (2.2 to 4.2) | |
| Injury | 1.7 (1.3 to 2.2) | 1.4 (1.1 to 1.9) |