Characteristics of families observed at home and case-control study participants not observed at home
| Characteristic | Home observation (n=162) | Cases/controls not observed at home (n=3289) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age of child | <0.001 | ||
| 0–12 months | 20 (12.4) | 954 (29.0) | |
| 13–36 months | 107 (66.1) | 1550 (47.1) | |
| 37–62 months | 35 (21.6) | 785 (23.9) | |
| Sex of child: male | 103 (63.6) | 1823 (55.4) | 0.041 |
| Ethnic origin: white | 150 (92.6) | 2958 (91.5) [57] | 0.63 |
| Number of children aged <5 years in family | [46] | 0.46 | |
| 0 | 0 | 29 (0.9) | |
| 1 | 91 (56.2) | 1938 (59.8) | |
| 2 | 64 (39.5) | 1146 (35.3) | |
| ≥3 | 7 (4.3) | 130 (4.0) | |
| Case or control is first child | 67 (43.5) [8] | 1366 (45.0) [254] | 0.72 |
| Sex of respondent: female | 156 (96.3) | 3043 (92.5) | 0.071 |
| Maternal age ≤19 at birth of first child* | 20 (13.0) [2] | 295 (9.8) [22] | 0.19 |
| Single adult household | 29 (17.9) | 353 (11.0) [76] | 0.007 |
| Adults out of work | [61] | <0.001 | |
| 0 | 77 (47.5) | 1783 (55.2) | |
| 1 | 44 (27.2) | 1007 (31.2) | |
| ≥2 | 41 (25.3) | 438 (13.6) | |
| Receipt of state benefits | 62 (38.8) [2] | 1198 (37.4) [86] | 0.73 |
| Overcrowding (>1 person per room) | 11 (7.1) [8] | 228 (7.3) [175] | 0.93 |
| Non-owner occupier | 64 (39.5) | 1090 (33.7) [58] | 0.13 |
| Household has no car | 26 (16.1) | 378 (11.7) [50] | 0.093 |
| Median index of multiple deprivation score (IQR) | 17.1 (9.5, 34.4) | 15.2 (9.3, 27.3) [28] | 0.068 |
Values are number (%) unless stated otherwise.
[ ] missing values.
*Only applicable if completed by mother.