Table 7

What interventions work? (that is, reduce injury or change behaviour). Bold type indicates areas where there is new evidence or increased evidence, italic = injury reduction, and roman = behavioural change

INTERVENTIONS IN THE ROAD ENVIRONMENT
(Good evidence***, reasonable evidence**, some evidence*)
General
    Area wide urban safety measureInjury reduction daddy**
    20 mph zones Injury reduction***
Behaviour change***
Pedestrian injuries
    Education/enforcement aimed at driverBehaviour change*
    Education aimed at child/parentBehaviour change**
Injury reduction*
Bicycle injuries
    Bicycle training Behaviour change**
    Bicycle helmet educational campaigns Behaviour change***
    Bicycle helmet legislationBehaviour change***
Injury reduction**
Car passengers
    Child restraint educational campaignsBehaviour change**
    Seat belt educational campaignsBehaviour change**
    Child restraint loan schemesBehaviour change***
    Child restraint legislationBehaviour change***
Injury reduction**
Bus passengers
    Education aimed at child Behaviour change*
INTERVENTIONS IN THE HOME ENVIRONMENT
General
    Product designInjury reduction*
    Safety devicesInjury reduction*
Burns and scalds
    Smoke detector promotion programmes Behavioural change***
Injury reduction***
    Tap water temperature reductionBehavioural change*
Injury reduction*
    Parent and child educationBehavioural change*
Poisoning
    Child resistant packagingInjury reduction***
    Parent educationBehavioural change*
Falls prevention
    Window bars (education and environmental modification and legislation)Behavioural change**
Injury reduction*
    Parent educationInjury reduction*
General campaigns
    Parent education on hazard reductionBehaviour change**
INTERVENTIONS IN THE LEISURE ENVIRONMENT
Drowning
    Parent and child educationBehaviour change*
    Adult supervision of public swimming pools, beaches, etcInjury reduction*
    Pool design and protectionInjury reduction*
Play and leisure injuries
    Environment improvement—playground layout, equipment and surfacing Hazard reduction*
    Training schemes for adult supervisionLittle evidence
    Protective equipmentInjury reduction*
COMMUNITY BASED STUDIES
    Programmes targeting a range of injury types in a range of different groupsBehaviour change**
Injury reduction**