Descriptive statistics for count and continuous variables
| Variable | Median | IQR | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| *VFC denotes violent and firearm related crime. | |||
| †Handguns manufactured by 7 companies—Bryco Arms/Jennings Firearms, Davis Industries, High Point Firearms, Lorcin Engineering, Phoenix Arms, Raven Arms, Sundance Industries—whose handguns all had suggested retail prices of approximately $150 or less; almost no such handguns were manufactured by other companies during the study period. | |||
| ‡Results are for 398 retailers with sales during one or more of the years 1997–2000, during which gun show sales were identified. | |||
| §Sales to police agencies or individuals who were exempt, due to police employment, from California’s required basic firearms safety course. | |||
| ¶Sales of more than one handgun in a single transaction. | |||
| **The time between the dates of a gun’s sale and its recovery by police, in years. Results are for the 351 retailers with VFC handguns. | |||
| ††Measured at the county level. | |||
| ‡‡All licensees with handgun sales during the study period, regardless of sales volume. | |||
| §§An arrest rate. Examples: unlawful possession of a weapon on the person, in a vehicle, or in a public place (charged as a felony); unlawful possession of weapon in public building; possession of short-barreled shotgun or rifle; possession of firearm by felon; carrying firearm with intent to commit felony; obliterating firearm serial number. | |||
| ¶¶An arrest rate. Examples: unlawful possession of a weapon on the person, in a vehicle, or in a public place (charged as a misdemeanor); possession of weapon with intent to assault; knowingly filing false firearm purchase application; selling firearms without a license; possession of unregistered assault weapon; sale of ammunition to a minor. | |||
| IQR, interquartile range. | |||
| Variables measured at the retailer level | |||
| VFC handgun traces*, n | 3 | 1–8 | 0–184 |
| Total handgun traces, n | 5 | 2–15 | 0–336 |
| VFC traces per 1000 gun years of exposure | 0.5 | 0.2–0.9 | 0.0–8.8 |
| Total traces per 1000 gun years of exposure | 1.1 | 0.6–2.0 | 0.0–14.2 |
| Handgun sales, n | 945 | 557–2002 | 108–24035 |
| Gun years of exposure, n | 4869 | 2862–10272 | 566–129906 |
| Years with sales, n | 5 | 4–5 | 1–5 |
| Gun years from sales of inexpensive handguns, %† | 2.6 | 1.0–6.9 | 0.0–75.7 |
| Gun years from sales at gun shows, %‡ | 0.2 | 0.0–1.1 | 0.0–86.9 |
| Gun years from police sales, %§ | 5.6 | 3.7–8.2 | 0.2–88.4 |
| Gun years from sales of multiple guns, %¶ | 9.4 | 7.0–12.3 | 0.0–58.8 |
| Denials, % (of sales + denials) | 1.1 | 0.6–1.5 | 0.0–5.4 |
| Median time to crime for VFC handguns, y** | 2.4 | 1.8–3.3 | 0.1–7.2 |
| Median age of purchasers, y | 41 | 39–43 | 24–53 |
| Male purchasers, % | 93.3 | 91.5–94.6 | 79.6–99.2 |
| Federal firearm licensees per 100 000 persons††,‡‡ | 8.1 | 4.5–14.3 | 0.3–58.3 |
| Crime rates per 100 000 persons†† | |||
| Homicide | 4.8 | 2.8–8.1 | 0.0–10.5 |
| Rape | 29.0 | 27.2–34.0 | 11.2–70.4 |
| Robbery | 118.9 | 88.3–209.3 | 10.6–448.0 |
| Aggravated assault | 345.2 | 297.9–516.8 | 129.3–607.8 |
| Felony weapons offenses§§ | 46.2 | 44.5–59.2 | 20.6–113.5 |
| Misdemeanor weapons offenses¶¶ | 12.6 | 11.2–18.7 | 3.7–41.4 |
| Sociodemographics†† | |||
| Black population, % | 5.7 | 1.9–9.8 | 0.3–14.9 |
| Latino population, % | 30.8 | 19.0–44.0 | 5.5–72.2 |
| Males ages 20–29, as % of males ages 40–44 | 187 | 165–208 | 99–284 |
| Unemployed people, % (of people ages ⩾16) | 4.4 | 3.4–5.0 | 1.9–7.8 |
| Households headed by single females, % | 12.2 | 10.9–14.7 | 3.9–17.1 |
| Median household income, × $1000 | 42.4 | 42.1–54.1 | 27.5–74.3 |
| Households per 10000 persons | 3292 | 3247–3566 | 2651–4322 |