Odds ratios for the effect of driver related characteristics on the risk of a motorcycle of causing a clean collision
| Variables† | Analysis excluding speed related infractions in the dependent variable (n = 62 005 drivers) | Analysis including speed related infractions in the dependent variable (n = 61 149) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude analysis | Adjusted analysis* | Adjusted analysis* | ||||
| cOR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | |
| *In the adjusted analysis, apart from the variables included in the table, the following variables were also included (see categories in the Methods section): time of day, day of the week, month, and year in which the crash occurred; type of day, zone, condition of the road surface, light conditions, weather conditions, visibility conditions, other danger, traffic density, presence of a pillion passenger, previous defects in the vehicle. | ||||||
| †Reference categories: ‡, male sex; §, normal; ¶, Spanish; **, non-helmeted; ††, none; ‡‡, less than 1 hour driving; §§, none; ¶¶, none; #, 0 years. | ||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| <17 | 1.98 | 1.68 to 2.33 | 1.33 | 1.11 to 1.60 | 1.55 | 1.30 to 1.85 |
| 17–19 | 1.41 | 1.32 to 1.51 | 1.14 | 1.05 to 1.23 | 1.25 | 1.16 to 1.36 |
| 20–21 | 1.34 | 1.25 to 1.44 | 1.11 | 1.02 to 1.20 | 1.24 | 1.15 to 1.34 |
| 22–23 | 1.18 | 1.11 to 1.26 | 1.05 | 0.97 to 1.13 | 1.12 | 1.05 to 1.21 |
| 24–25 | 1.12 | 1.05 to 1.19 | 1.03 | 0.95 to 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.02 to 1.18 |
| 26–27 | 1.11 | 1.04 to 1.19 | 1.05 | 0.97 to 1.13 | 1.11 | 1.03 to 1.19 |
| 28–29 | 1.07 | 1.00 to 1.15 | 1.05 | 0.98 to 1.13 | 1.08 | 1.01 to 1.16 |
| 30–34 | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| 35–39 | 0.97 | 0.91 to 1.03 | 1.01 | 0.94 to 1.08 | 1.00 | 0.93 to 1.08 |
| 40–44 | 0.92 | 0.85 to 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.91 to 1.08 | 0.95 | 0.88 to 1.04 |
| 45–54 | 0.95 | 0.87 to 1.03 | 1.03 | 0.94 to 1.12 | 0.96 | 0.88 to 1.05 |
| 55–64 | 0.98 | 0.86 to 1.12 | 1.13 | 0.99 to 1.30 | 1.01 | 0.88 to 1.16 |
| >64 | 1.59 | 1.30 to 1.94 | 1.95 | 1.59 to 2.39 | 1.56 | 1.28 to 1.92 |
| Unknown | 1.13 | 1.04 to 1.23 | 1.06 | 0.94 to 1.20 | 1.18 | 1.06 to 1.33 |
| Sex‡ | ||||||
| Female | 0.86 | 0.81 to 0.91 | 1.03 | 0.97 to 1.10 | 0.92 | 0.87 to 0.98 |
| Unknown | 0.91 | 0.81 to 1.02 | 0.86 | 0.70 to 1.04 | 0.78 | 0.64 to 0.94 |
| Psychophysical circumstances§ | ||||||
| DUI (no test) | 6.06 | 4.31 to 8.54 | 4.05 | 2.81 to 5.83 | 5.14 | 3.60 to 7.35 |
| DUI (+ test) | 12.31 | 8.50 to 17.81 | 11.56 | 7.90 to 16.91 | 13.48 | 9.12 to 19.93 |
| Others | 1.95 | 1.55 to 2.46 | 1.51 | 1.17 to 1.94 | 1.79 | 1.40 to 2.29 |
| Unknown | 1.28 | 1.22 to 1.35 | 1.09 | 1.02 to 1.17 | 1.31 | 1.22 to 1.40 |
| Nationality¶ | ||||||
| Foreign | 1.94 | 1.76 to 2.15 | 1.59 | 1.43 to 1.78 | 1.64 | 1.47 to 1.82 |
| Unknown | 1.01 | 0.89 to 1.14 | 1.12 | 0.93 to 1.35 | 1.26 | 1.05 to 1.51 |
| Helmet use** | ||||||
| Helmeted | 0.59 | 0.55 to 0.64 | 0.82 | 0.75 to 0.90 | 0.70 | 0.64 to 0.76 |
| Unknown | 0.49 | 0.45 to 0.54 | 0.73 | 0.66 to 0.81 | 0.62 | 0.56 to 0.68 |
| Physical disabilities†† | ||||||
| Some | 1.14 | 1.00 to 1.30 | 0.90 | 0.77 to 1.04 | 0.97 | 0.84 to 1.11 |
| Unknown | 1.03 | 0.97 to 1.08 | 0.81 | 0.75 to 0.88 | 0.83 | 0.77 to 0.90 |
| Hours driving‡‡ | ||||||
| 1–3 | 1.28 | 1.17 to 1.40 | 1.04 | 0.93 to 1.15 | 1.08 | 0.98 to 1.19 |
| >3–5 | 0.82 | 0.65 to 1.04 | 0.80 | 0.62 to 1.03 | 0.74 | 0.58 to 0.94 |
| >5 | 1.22 | 0.90 to 1.67 | 1.31 | 0.94 to 1.81 | 1.13 | 0.82 to 1.55 |
| Unknown | 0.87 | 0.84 to 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.89 to 0.97 | 0.92 | 0.89 to 0.96 |
| Administrative infractions§§ | ||||||
| No valid license | 2.54 | 2.37 to 2.73 | 1.70 | 1.55 to 1.86 | 2.04 | 1.87 to 2.23 |
| Excess passenders/load | 1.03 | 0.50 to 2.16 | 0.80 | 0.35 to 1.83 | 0.88 | 0.40 to 1.95 |
| Others | 1.28 | 1.14 to 1.44 | 1.01 | 0.89 to 1.15 | 1.21 | 1.07 to 1.37 |
| Unknown | 1.34 | 1.30 to 1.39 | 1.10 | 1.06 to 1.15 | 1.32 | 1.27 to 1.37 |
| Speed infractions¶¶ | ||||||
| Inappropriate | 13.98 | 12.74 to 15.35 | 13.11 | 11.90 to 14.45 | ||
| Excessive | 7.61 | 6.72 to 8.62 | 7.04 | 6.20 to 8.00 | ||
| Slow speed | 1.44 | 0.60 to 3.48 | 1.19 | 0.48 to 2.98 | ||
| Unknown | 1.59 | 1.53 to 1.64 | 1.60 | 1.53 to 1.67 | ||
| Years in possession of a driving license# | ||||||
| 1 | 0.85 | 0.79 to 0.93 | 0.87 | 0.79 to 0.95 | 0.84 | 0.77 to 0.92 |
| 2 | 0.85 | 0.78 to 0.93 | 0.86 | 0.78 to 0.94 | 0.85 | 0.78 to 0.94 |
| 3 | 0.81 | 0.74 to 0.88 | 0.84 | 0.76 to 0.93 | 0.83 | 0.76 to 0.92 |
| 4 | 0.80 | 0.73 to 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.76 to 0.94 | 0.83 | 0.75 to 0.92 |
| 5–9 | 0.75 | 0.70 to 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.74 to 0.88 | 0.80 | 0.74 to 0.87 |
| >9 | 0.70 | 0.65 to 0.75 | 0.79 | 0.72 to 0.86 | 0.79 | 0.72 to 0.86 |
| Unknown | 1.16 | 1.07 to 1.25 | 0.96 | 0.88 to 1.06 | 0.95 | 0.87 to 1.04 |