Clinical surgery—AmericanA 21-year history of all-terrain vehicle injuries: has anything changed?
Section snippets
Methods
A retrospective, descriptive, epidemiologic study design was used. All trauma patients who were involved in an ATV crash and admitted to the University of California San Diego Trauma Center from 1985 through 2005 were studied. To compare the relationship of the 1998 ATV Action Plan, injuries from the years of 1985 to 1999 and from 2000 to 2005 were analyzed separately. Despite the fact that the CPSC consent decree went into effect in 1988, the years 1985 to 1987 were included to establish a
Results
From 1985 to 1999 there were a total of 164 ATV-injured patients compared with 269 patients in 2000 to 2005, translating to a mean of 10.9 per year ± 5 and 44.7 per year ± 12 (P < .001), respectively. The number of ATV-injured patients per year in the time period studied is shown in Fig. 1.
Between the 2 study periods there was no statistical difference in mean age, percentage of male sex, the number of patients who were positive for alcohol, admission systolic blood pressure, or admission GCS
Comments
Off-road ATV riding is a popular activity in the desert recreational areas of southern California and is an important element of local economies. During the past 2 decades there have been several reports concerning the inherent dangers of ATV recreation, eventually prompting the 10-year 1988 CPSC consent decree with major ATV manufacturers.3, 7 The passage of the consent decree has played a significant role in decreasing the overall rate of both death and injury.8 After expiration of the 1988
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All-Terrain Vehicle Injury in Children and Youth: Examining Current Knowledge and Future Needs
2017, Journal of Emergency MedicineCitation Excerpt :Three groups of risk factors seem related to the increase in death and injury for younger ATV riders. The size and power of ATVs has increased significantly since they were first introduced to the United States in the 1970s, making them much more difficult to safely control – especially in an emergency situation (29). One study found that over 90% of young riders used ATVs that were larger and more powerful than recommended by safe use guidelines (27).
The hazards of off-road motor sports: Are four wheels better than two?
2016, InjuryCitation Excerpt :The US Consumer Product Safety Commission reported that the 10-year federal consent reduced mortality and injury compared to the period prior to its enactment [34]. Since its expiration in 1998, numerous studies have shown that states with rigorous safety legislation have reduced ATV-related injuries and mortalities [35,36]. Winfield et al. have suggested that minimal safety regulations have little impact on injury occurrence and severity [37].
Larger ATV engine size correlates with an increased rate of traumatic brain injury
2015, InjuryCitation Excerpt :Unfortunately, their increased use has been paralleled by an increase in associated injuries [5]. While much of the literature has been focused of the influence of driver characteristics (age, experience, size, training, protective equipment) in ATV crashes [1,5–10], there have been few studies that examine the role of the ATV itself, despite historical data that underlies its importance [11,12]. Prior to the 1988 Consent Decree, which is summarised in our previous publication [13], the median ATV engine size was 200 cc and annual ED visits were estimated at 5580 per 100,000 ATVs [6].
Off-highway vehicle parks: Combining environment, knowledge, and enforcement for all-terrain vehicle injury prevention
2013, Accident Analysis and PreventionOcular injuries in all-terrain-vehicle accidents
2012, InjuryRisk and preventive factors for fatalities in All-terrain Vehicle Accidents in New Zealand
2010, Accident Analysis and PreventionCitation Excerpt :They also found that the head and spine were the most frequent body parts to be injured, but wearing a helmet reduced the total risk for injuries. US studies, however, show that the severity of ATV-related injuries has not increased between 1989 and 2002 (Axelband et al., 2007) and a more recent study which reviewed ATV injuries over a period of 21 years showed a 50% decrease in head and spine injuries related to ATVs (Bansal et al., 2008). Despite these findings, the literature is inconclusive about the greater risk to those who received an injury to the head, spine and chest than in other body parts and internal organs (Balthrop et al., 2009; Brandenburg et al., 2007; Gittelman et al., 2006; Hall et al., 2009; Rodgers and Prowpit, 2001; Yonca, 2005).