Behavioral assessmentThe Driving Anger Expression Inventory: a measure of how people express their anger on the road
Section snippets
Participants
Participants were 290 (82 male, 182 female, and 26 were missing demographic information due to an inadvertent omission on their questionnaires) introductory psychology students ( yr) at a state university of over 20,000 in the western US. Of these 85% were freshmen, 12% sophomores, and 3% juniors and seniors; 87% were White non-Hispanic, 3% Latino, 2% African American, 2% Asian American, and 6% mixed or other ethnic background. Participants received one of three research credits for
Results
Responses to the 62 items were subjected to a principal components analysis with a varimax rotation and the Kaiser normalization procedure. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were set at 0.40 (i.e., an item had to have an item to factor correlation >0.40, while it could not load >0.40 on another factor). These procedures resulted in five factors or forms of expressing anger while driving (Table 1). A 12-item factor was labeled Verbal Aggressive Expression (α=0.88), because items involved
Discussion
Five forms of expressing anger when driving were identified. Although worthy of future development and exploration, Displaced Aggression was dropped from analyses in this study because of low reliability. The remaining four dimensions were reliable and included three forms of expressing anger aggressively. These were verbal aggression, using one's person and being to aggress, and using the vehicle as the instrument of aggressive anger expression. The fourth form of expression was dealing with
Acknowledgements
This study was supported, in part, by Grant R49/CCR811509-04 from the Centers for Disease Control and Grants R01 DA04777 and P50 DA07074 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
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