Table 3
Risk factors for arm fracture in falls from playground equipment
| Variable | Categories | Crude OR | Adjusted OR* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p Value | OR | 95% CI | p Value | ||
| *Adjusted for child height. | |||||||
| †p<0.05. | |||||||
| Equipment height (narrow) | ⩽1500 mm | – | – | ||||
| 1501–2000 mm | 2.52 | 1.51–4.21 | 0.00† | 2.53 | 1.51–4.24 | 0.00† | |
| 2001–2500 mm | 2.33 | 1.41–3.83 | 0.00† | 2.47 | 1.49–4.10 | 0.00† | |
| >2500 mm | 1.55 | 0.80–3.00 | 0.20 | 1.66 | 0.85–3.25 | 0.14 | |
| Equipment height (broad) | 1.5 m and below | – | – | ||||
| >1.5 m | 2.29 | 1.43–3.66 | 0.00† | 2.39 | 1.49–3.84 | 0.00† | |
| 1.6 m and below | – | – | |||||
| >1.6 m | 2.03 | 1.33–3.09 | 0.00† | 2.06 | 1.35–3.15 | 0.00† | |
| 1.7 m and below | – | – | |||||
| >1.7 m | 1.70 | 1.16–2.50 | 0.01† | 1.74 | 1.18–2.56 | 0.01† | |
| 1.8 m and below | – | – | |||||
| >1.8 m | 1.79 | 1.27–2.54 | 0.00† | 1.87 | 1.32–2.66 | 0.00† | |
| 1.9 m and below | – | – | |||||
| >1.9 m | 1.34 | 0.97–1.85 | 0.08 | 1.41 | 1.01–1.96 | 0.04† | |
| 2.0 m and below | – | – | |||||
| >2.0 m | 1.10 | 0.81–1.51 | 0.53 | 1.17 | 0.85–1.61 | 0.33 | |
| Fall height (narrow) | ⩽1000 mm | – | – | ||||
| 100–1500 mm | 2.60 | 1.48–4.55 | 0.00† | 2.73 | 1.55–4.82 | 0.00† | |
| 1501–2000 mm | 3.13 | 1.72–5.70 | 0.00† | 3.53 | 1.92–6.50 | 0.00† | |
| greater than 2000 mm | 2.44 | 1.20–4.96 | 0.01† | 2.94 | 1.42–6.09 | 0.00† | |
| Fall height (broad) | ⩽1000 mm | – | – | ||||
| >1000 mm | 2.73 | 1.59–4.71 | 0.00† | 2.96 | 1.71–5.15 | 0.00† | |
| Surface type | Tanbark, rubber, sand | – | – | ||||
| Non-compliant material | 1.42 | 0.42–4.75 | 0.57 | 1.37 | 0.41–4.61 | 0.62 | |
| Surface depth | ⩾20 cm | – | – | ||||
| 15–19.9 cm | 1.48 | 0.66–3.32 | 0.34 | 1.52 | 0.68–3.44 | 0.31 | |
| 10–14.9 cm | 1.13 | 0.53–2.42 | 0.75 | 1.12 | 0.52–2.42 | 0.77 | |
| 5–9.9 cm | 1.11 | 0.52–2.36 | 0.79 | 1.10 | 0.52–2.36 | 0.80 | |
| <5 cm | 0.66 | 0.28–1.53 | 0.33 | 0.62 | 0.26–1.46 | 0.28 | |
| Substrate material | Soil | – | – | ||||
| Sand | 0.29 | 0.16–0.53 | 0.00† | 0.29 | 0.16–0.53 | 0.00† | |
| Other | 1.27 | 0.43–3.77 | 0.66 | 1.26 | 0.43–3.76 | 0.67 | |
| Arm load (kN) | 1.02 | 0.94–1.11 | 0.64 | 1.03 | 0.95–1.13 | 0.47 | |
| Gequipment | ⩾200G | – | – | ||||
| <200G | 0.52 | 0.21–1.27 | 0.15 | 0.53 | 0.22–1.32 | 0.17 | |
| Gequipment | ⩾100G | – | – | ||||
| <100G | 0.65 | 0.44–0.96 | 0.03† | 0.67 | 0.45–0.99 | 0.04† | |
| GCoG | ⩾100G | – | – | ||||
| <100G | 0.65 | 0.46–0.93 | 0.02† | 0.65 | 0.46–0.92 | 0.02† | |
| HICequipment | ⩾1000 | – | – | ||||
| <1000 | 0.78 | 0.43–1.39 | 0.39 | 0.78 | 0.44–1.40 | 0.41 | |
