| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS | REGISTER |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW |
1 University of Hertfordshire, Centre for Research in Primary and Community Care
2 London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Medical Statistics Unit
3 London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Public Health Intervention Research Unit
4 Imperial College Library and Information Service, Chelsea and Westminster Campus
Correspondence to:
Frances Bunn, Centre for Research in Primary and Community Care, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, Herts AL10 9AB, UK;
F.bunn{at}herts.ac.uk
Objective: To assess whether area-wide traffic calming schemes can reduce road crash related deaths and injuries.
Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Data sources: Cochrane Injuries Group Specialised Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, EMBASE, Sociological Abstracts Science (and social science) citation index, National Technical Information service, Psychlit, Transport Research Information Service, International Road Research Documentation, and Transdoc, and web sites of road safety organisation were searched; experts were contacted, conference proceedings were handsearched, and relevant reference lists were checked.
Inclusion criteria: Randomised controlled trials, and controlled before/after studies of area-wide traffic calming schemes designed to discourage and slow down through traffic on residential roads.
Methods: Data were collected on road user deaths, injuries, and traffic crashes. For each study rate ratios were calculated, the ratio of event rates before and after intervention in the traffic calmed area divided by the corresponding ratio of event rates in the control area, which were pooled to give an overall estimate using a random effects model.
Findings: Sixteen controlled before/after studies met our inclusion criteria. Eight studies reported the number of road user deaths: pooled rate ratio 0.63 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14 to 2.59). Sixteen studies reported the number of injuries (fatal and non-fatal): pooled rate ratio 0.89 (95% CI 0.80 to 1.00). All studies were in high income countries.
Conclusion: Area-wide traffic calming in towns and cities has the potential to reduce road traffic injuries. However, further rigorous evaluations of this intervention are needed, especially in low and middle income countries.
Keywords: systematic review; traffic calming; road safety
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  D. Kendrick On systematic reviews Inj. Prev., August 1, 2007; 13(4): 219 - 219. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R C Parslow, K P Morris, R C Tasker, R J Forsyth, C A Hawley, and on behalf of the UK Paediatric Traumatic Brain Inj Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury in children receiving intensive care in the UK Arch. Dis. Child., November 1, 2005; 90(11): 1182 - 1187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. L. Burdette and R. C. Whitaker Resurrecting Free Play in Young Children: Looking Beyond Fitness and Fatness to Attention, Affiliation, and Affect Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, January 1, 2005; 159(1): 46 - 50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J P Wyatt and M Campbell JournalScan Emerg. Med. J., March 1, 2004; 21(2): 205 - 206. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Marcovitch What's new this month in BMJ Journals BMJ, October 11, 2003; 327(7419): 833 - 833. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS | REGISTER |
